9-7. He noticed at once that discipline was slack: the Danes had the self-confidence of conquerors, and their security precautions were casual.
【译文】他立刻发现丹麦侵略军纪律松懈:丹麦人以征服者自居,安全措施松弛。
【讲解】slack后的冒号引出说明解释性内容。
【单词和短语】
slack:懈怠的,松懈的;疏忽的;马虎的(not taking enough care or making enough effort to do things correctly),
例如:
slack supervision 监督不严
Security’s got a bit slack. 安全问题有些放松。
9-8. They lived well, on the proceeds of raids on neighbouring regions.
【译文】他们靠袭击附近地区、掠夺财物过着舒适的生活。
【讲解】句中的第一个on与live搭配使用,live on…意为“靠……生活”。因为well与on…regions并列作状语,所以用逗号隔开。句中的第二个on是与raid搭配在一起的,意为“袭击”。
【单词和短语】
proceeds:(从事某种活动或变卖财物等的)收入,收益(the money that is obtained from doing something or selling something),
例如:
The proceeds from the school play will be used to buy a new curtain.
学校演剧的收入将用于购买一幅新的舞台幕布。
They are reaping proceeds when the cattle are sold.
卖了那些牲口他们就可以获得收益了。
9-9. There they collected women as well as food and drink, and a life of ease had made them soft.
【译文】这些入侵者在那里不但搜刮吃喝,而且掳掠妇女,这种安逸的生活令他们萎靡不振。
【讲解】句中as well as的侧重点在它前面的women。在用“不但……而且……”或“……还……”翻译as well as时,因为汉语的侧重点是在后面的“而且”、“还”,而作in addition to解的as well as的重点则在它前面的词语,所以汉译时必须颠倒原文as well as连接的前后词语的次序。
【单词和短语】
soft:轻松的;舒服的,舒适的(not very brave and not having a strong character)。
9-10. Alfred stayed in the camp a week before he returned to Athelney.
【译文】阿尔弗雷德在敌营呆了一周后回到了阿塞尔纳。
9-11. The force there assembled was trivial compared with the Danish horde.
【译文】他集结在那里的军队和丹麦大军相比微不足道。
【讲解】there assembled是过去分词短语,作the force的定语,there指Athelney。compared with the Danish horde作状语,修饰was trivial。
【单词和短语】
trivial:琐碎的;不重要的,无价值的(not serious, important, or valuable),
例如:
trivial matters 琐事
a trivial offence 小过失
trivial formalities 繁文缛节
put the trivial above the important 本末倒置
consider sth. trivial 认为某事无关紧要
raise trivial objections 提出无关紧要的反对
trivial的名词形式为triviality。
9-12. But Alfred had deduced that the Danes were no longer fit for prolonged battle: and that their commissariat had no organization, but depended on irregular raids.
【译文】然而,阿尔弗雷德推断出丹麦人已不再适合持久战:他们的军需供应处于无组织状态,仅是靠临时抢夺来维持。
【讲解】and that their commissariat…irregular raids作deduced的宾语。同时对the Danes were no longer fit for prolonged battle进一步解说,所以battle后有冒号。depended前的but意为“仅仅,只有”。
【单词和短语】
irregular:不规则的,无规律的;不合常规的;不稳定的(not happening at times that are an equal distance from each other),
例如:
an irregular pattern 不规则轨迹
an irregular heartbeat 不齐的心律
be irregular in one’s attendance 不时缺席
9-13. So, faced with the Danish advance, Alfred did not risk open battle but harried the enemy.
【译文】因此,面对丹麦人的进攻,阿尔弗雷德没有贸然同敌人正面开战,而是采用骚扰敌人。
【讲解】faced with the Danish advance作时间状语,修饰risk和harried。
【单词和短语】
harry:(时常)袭击;掠夺;抢劫;蹂躏(to keep attacking an enemy)。
9-14. He was constantly on the move, drawing the Danes after him.
【译文】他一直在运动中,牵着敌人在后面跟着跑。
【讲解】drawing the Danes after him作结果状语,修饰was constantly on the move。
9-15. His patrols halted the raiding parties: hunger assailed the Danish army.
【译文】他派出巡逻队阻止敌人抢劫:因而饥饿侵袭着丹麦军队。
【讲解】parties后的冒号引出说明语,表结果。
【单词和短语】
halt:使停止前进;使停止;使终止(to prevent someone or something from continuing),
例如:
No one can halt the advance of history.
谁也阻挡不了历史的前进。
assail:攻击,袭击(to attack someone or something violently),
例如:
assail a fort 攻要塞
9-16. Now Alfred began a long series of skirmishes—and within a month the Danes had surrendered.
【译文】阿尔弗雷德这时发起一连串小规模进攻,结果不出一月丹麦人就投降了。
【讲解】skirmishes后的破折号引出被强调的部分,这里的and表示结果。
【单词和短语】
skirmish:小规模战斗;小冲突(a fight between small groups of soldiers, ships etc, especially one that happens away from the main part of a battle),
例如:
a street skirmish 巷战
a border skirmish 边境冲突
9-17. The episode could reasonably serve as a unique epic of royal espionage!
【译文】这段历史可说是王室谍报活动中独一无二的华章。
【单词和短语】
epic:史诗,叙事诗(a book, poem, or film tells a long story about brave actions and exciting events),
例如:
Homer’s Iliad and Milton’s Paradise Lost are epics.
荷马的《伊利亚特》和弥尔顿的《失乐园》是史诗。
espionage:(the activity of secretly finding out secret information and giving it to a country’s enemies or a company’s competitors),
例如:
use espionage to find out other countries’ military secrets
用间谍手段探出别国的军事机密
Three persons have been arrested on espionage charges.
三个人被指控犯间谍活动罪而被捕