要点领悟
人称和时态的误用是英语书面表达中最为常见的错误。英文写作对人称和时态的要求很严格。常用的时态有八种之多,初中阶段最常见有六种动词时态。在写作时,英语初学者要准确判断一个动作应该用哪种时态来表示。首先要判断动作发生的时间是现在、过去还是将来,注意动作是在进行还是已经完成等,据此确定该用什么时态;然后,要熟练掌握各种时态所必须使用的谓语动词结构和词形变化;整篇文章完成后,要检查“时态、语态、主谓一致”等是否正确。这样就可以少犯错误。
信息提示
电脑是当代的高科技产品(a high-tech product),在我们的生活中越来越普及,几乎深入到每个家庭。电脑可以帮我们处理(handle)很多事情。列举一些事例,写一篇关于电脑在日常生活中的用途的文章,说明电脑的利弊。
习作实况
The computer — a high-tech product, has become so popular that they are (1) seen in almost every family. It is playing an important role in our everyday life. The computer will help (2) us handle many matters: official business, chat online, study, sending e-mails, long-distance education and entertainment such as listening to music and watching video.
But we also know that the computer was (3) bad for our eyes, especially for the young kids’. Now there are more and more children who have to wear glasses in order to see clearly. Many children become near-sighted, and they are doing worse and worse in their studies because they spend too much time playing computer games. So if you will want (4) to have beautiful and bright eyes and gain (获取) some useful knowledge when we (5) are young, the most important thing you will do is to plan your time carefully and well. Only in this way can you have a bright future.
精讲点拨
(1)作者在文章开头使用了the computer一词,来代表电脑这一类产品。因此,that从句中如果使用they are,就和句首的主语the computer(单数名词)不一致,因此应将they are 改为it is。
(2)众所周知,电脑在我们的日常生活中正在起着很重要的作用。因此,不能理解成电脑将要帮助我们处理很多事务,而是现在(每天)电脑都在帮助人们处理日常事务,这种help是经常的,反复发生的,应用一般现在时。因此,要改为 helps。
(3)我们看到的事实是,电脑在为人们做了大量的好事的同时,也给人们带来了麻烦。而且,这种困扰现在就存在,即:电脑天天在损害我们的健康和眼睛。应用一般现在时is。
(4) want一词一般没有将来时。另外,本句是由if引导的条件状语从句,按英语的时态规则“主句用一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时”。 将will want改为want。
(5)将we改为you。从本句的条件句可以看出,“如果你在年轻的时候,既想学到知识,又想拥有一双明亮的眼睛,你就记住,玩电脑可不要超越底线。”在这里,前后句的人称要保持一致。
精彩例文
The computer — a high-tech product, has become so popular that it is seen in almost every family. It is playing an important role in our everyday life. The computer helps us handle many matters: official business, chat online, study, sending e-mails, long-distance education and entertainment such as listening to music and watching video.
But we also know that the computer is bad for our eyes, especially for the young kids’. Now there are more and more children who have to wear glasses in order to see clearly. Many children become near-sighted, and they are doing worse and worse in their studies because they spend too much time playing computer games. So if you want to have beautiful and bright eyes and gain some useful knowledge when you are young, the most important thing you will do is to plan your time carefully and well. Only in this way can you have a bright future.