- 语法点拔
- 强化训练
(一)基数词 在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。
1.基数词的构成
(1)1-20 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。 23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one
(3)101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion(美式)或thousand ,million(英式),然后一节一节地表示。
1,001→one thousand and one 9,785→nine thousand,seven hundred and eighty-five
18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty,billion(美式) seven hundred and fifty thousand million(英式)
(二)序数词 在英语中表示顺序、次序的词称为序数词。
1.序数词的构成
(1)一般在基数词后加th eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth
(2)不规则变化 one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve——twelfih
(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
(4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth
2.序数词的用法
(1)序数词作定语时,一般要与定冠词或物主代词连用。Tom is their second son. He is the first one to come here.
(2)序数词有时可与不定冠词连用,表示数量上“又—”,“再一” eg: He tried a second time.他又试了—次。 Shall l ask him a third time?还要我再问他—次吗?(我已问了他两次)
(3)序数词的缩写形式为:阿拉伯数字加上词的末尾两个字母。1st 2nd,3rd,4th,20th,21st,22nd,23rd
(4)表示年、月、日时,年用基数词,日用序数词。2005年8月15日:(英)15,8,2005=15th,August,2005;(美)8,15,2005=August 15th,2005
(三)基数词和序数词都可以用来给数字编号。No.1(1号),No.3bus(3路公共汽车),Room 103,(103号房间)The first lesson=Lesson Two(第二课)
(四)分数词的表达: 分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母加s 1/3-one third;2/5-two fifths
(五)数学运算的表达: eg.3+5=8 Three plus/and five is eight. 9-2=7 Nine minus two is seven. 6x5=30 Five times six is thirty 8÷2=4 Eight divided by two is four.