外研社初三英语上册模块3—4知识点总结 Module 3 Unit 1 1、train 做不及物动词,表示“训练,锻炼”,与介词for,as 连用。 Wang is training for running. 做及物动词,后可直接加名词或带不定式的复合宾语。 2、against 介词 反义词: 介词for(支持)。用法: be against sth: Are you against my idea? 你反对我的想法? 常与struggle,fight,argue,play 等动词后,表示“反对、反抗”。 e.g. People began to fight bravely against the enemy. 人们开始同敌人英勇斗争。 3、stand for “代表” 不用于被动语态,也不使用进行时态。 e.g. What does PRC stand for? 4、defeat (defeated,defeated) 与beat,win 的区别: defeat表示某人被打败,但不一定服输, beat“彻底打败”,完全服输 Win “赢得”后面不能接表示人的名词,要接表示比赛的名词,例如:game,war,match等。 5、allow 用法: allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 e.g. He allows smoking here. 他允许在这里抽烟。 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 6、so…that… such…that… “如此……以至于……” 区别: so+形容词和副词, such+名词 e.g. He sang so well that everybody admired him very much. She is such a nice girl that we all like her. 7、Don’t let them get to you! 不要让他们影响你。 get to sb. “使某人感到烦恼、生气,影响某人”等。 8、be mad with sb.= be angry with sb. 生某人的气 也可以用 be mad at sb. about sth. 9、比分中 82 比56 “比”是“to” 10、reckon 猜测 =guess 11、you won’t be allowed to watch with our funs if that’s what you think. “what you think” 做is 的宾语,是简单的宾语从句。意为“你认为的事情” Unit 2 1、will be encouraged to be a star 将来时的被动语态 encourage 用法: encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 E.g. His father encouraged him to do it himself. 他父亲鼓励他独立完成那件事。 被动语态:He was encouraged to do it himself. 2、invite 用法: invite sb. to do sth. “邀请某人做某事” Invite sb. to sw. “邀请某人去某地” 3、now that “既然”= since 有时 “that”被省略,这时候要识别出来“now”是“既然”的意思。 4、be well known = famous e.g. He is well known for his cool behavior. 他因他酷酷的行为而闻名。 5、all over the world = throughout the world 全世界 6、make sure “确保” 后面常加从句 e.g. You should make sure that the door is locked. 你要确保门锁了。 7、advise 用法: advise sb. to do sth. 劝告某人做某事 被动形式: be advised on sth. 在某事上被建议 其名词形式是:advice 不可数, 不要弄混了。 8、set up “创建、设立、开办” 主要指建立某组织、机构、公司、学校等。 build “建造,建设”,主要指具体的建筑或制作某物等。 9、compare…with… 把……与……作比较 e.g. Don’t compare me with him. 别拿我和他作比较。 其被动形式是: be compared with 10、take up “占据(时间、空间等)” e.g. These books take too much space. 这些书占据了很大一部分空间。 Playing games takes up a lot of her time. 打游戏占用了她大量的时间。 11、first of all 首先, 最重要的 12、spend 用法总结:与 cost、 take 的区别: 13、go for “去找;被认为;主张;拥护;努力获取”,课文中意思是“努力获取” 14、在奥林匹克运动会上用介词 at At the Olympic Games 在比赛中用介词 in In a competition 15、represent 代表 16、award n. 奖品,vt. 授予,判定 Unit 3 take part in 参加区分 join, attend,take part in Join:指参加某个组织,并成为该组织的一员 e.g. join the army 参军 Attend:指出席,参加某场合 e.g. attend a meeting 出席会议 Take part in:指参加某项活动,并在活动中起到一定的作用。E.g. take part in the game 参加比赛。 Module 4 Unit 1 favor n . 帮助 用法:do sb. a favor ( do a favor for sb.) 帮助某人 ask a favor of sb. 拜托某人 2、take photos 3、it has been published 应经出版了 完成时的被动 4、from now on 从现在起 5、mean 用法辨析:mean to do sth. 打算或企图做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着或意思是想做某事 e.g. Being a student means studying hard. 作为学生,意味着要努力学习。 I didn’t mean to do that. 我不是故意要那样做的。 6、charge 充电;收费;充满;费用; 用法总结: in charge:负责,主管;在……看管下 in charge of:负责,主管 in the charge of:受到看管 get/be charged 充电 7、turn off 关闭(电视、收音机、用电的开关) turn on 打开;开; turn out(to be)结果是 turn out 制造生产 in turn 轮流 8、see to 注意;负责;照料;保证 I will see to it that the girl has been sent back home. 我会确保那个女孩被送回家了。 9、promise 名词和动词 用法: make a promise 许诺言 promise sb. sth. 答应某人某事 10、continue to do continue doing 11、I will do what you tell me to 我将会按你说的做 what you tell me to 做do 的宾语,又是一个宾语从句。to 后面省略了do 因为前面有了do。 Unit 2 1、make a list of 列表 2、advantage 与 disadvantage 可数 3、on one’s way to sw. 在某人去……的路上。 如果去的地方是副词,则to 省略 on my way home 回家的路上 4、look through 浏览,翻阅 5、at a time 一次 前面常有数词 at one time 曾经,一度 常用语过去式 6、as a result 结果 7、at the beginning of 在……的开始,反义词: at the end of 在……的结尾 区别:in the beginning = at first 首先 in the end = at last 最后 8、in a way 就某一方面,就某种程度上 9、rather than 宁可……也不愿;而不是 e.g. I go to school by bike rather than by bus. 我骑车上学而不是乘公交车。 would rather do than do 与其不如 e.g. He would rather die than betray his country. 他宁愿死也不愿背叛祖国。 prefer to do rather than do e.g. I prefer to walk rather than take a bus.我宁愿走路也不想坐公交车。 10、replace 取代,代替;替换,更换;归还,偿还;把……放回原处用法:replace A with B 用B 代替A replace sth. A is replaced by B A被B取代了 11、receive 客观的接收到 receive a letter 12、it is hard to do sth. 做某事很难 it 是形式主语,而真正的主语是to do 不定式 e.g. it is hard to fall in love when you feel blue. 当你心情不好的时候,很难爱上。(歌词) Unit 3 1、a couple of 一对,几个(=several) 2、fill 用法: fill…with… 用……添满…… be filled with 被……添满 e.g. Fill this bottle with water. 用水装满这个瓶子。 This bottle is filled with water. 这个杯子装满了水。 3、search for 搜寻 e.g. They are searching for the little girl in the forest. 他们正在森林里搜寻着那个小女孩。 4、afford 用法: afford sth. / afford to do 付得起 5、use 用法:use sth. to