主谓一致专项练习|英语语法大全

主谓一致专项练习

更新:2024-01-29 16:00来源:网络编辑:Geilien.cn

复习专题：

基本原则
名师点拔
例题解析
专项练习

主谓一致的原则
1.语法一致原则。
　主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。
2.意义一致原则。
　　　　(1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。
　　　　(2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数，谓语动词用单数。形复意单(不可数)的词有：news, maths, physics等。
3.就近原则
谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如there be句型或用连词either...or...，neither...nor...,not only...but also等。

1. 如果主语是不可数名词,动名词,不定式或从句的时候,谓语动词用单数.　　　
Smoking is not a good habit.　　　
To live happily needs a lot of things.　　　
What I said is true.
2. 如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候,用单数动词.　　　
The singer and songwriter is dead.　　　
The science and technology plays an important part in China.　　　
Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients.　　　
“War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read.　　　
如果由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, many a/an, no的时候用单数名词.　　　
Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.　　　
Each minute and second is valuable to us.
3.主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with,besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,rather than, more than, like, including,in addition to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数.　　
Jack with his family wants to go to China.　　
He, as well as you, is very honest.　　
No one but I is a student.　　
Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident.　　
The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible.
4. 由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词(sb,sth---)和each, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing做主语的时候,谓语动词用单数.　　　
Each of you is cleverer than me.　　　
Neither student has passed the exam.　　　
Is anybody here?
5. both, few, a few, several, many以及others做主语的时候,永远用复数动词.　
Several friends were invited to the party.　　　
Both books are sold out.
6. all, none, any, some, more和most要是修饰单数名词,谓语动词用单数; 若是修饰复数名词,就用复数动词.　　　
Most of the apple is bad.　　　
Most of the apples are bad.　　　
None of this money is yours.　　　
None of the people here are teachers.
7.由or连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最接近的主语一致.　　　
You or he is wrong.　　　
Are you or he wrong?　
由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最近的主语一致.　　　
Either he or you have to tell the truth.　　　
Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.　　　
Not only the basketball players but also the coach was very nervous.
8. 若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间”, “一笔钱”, “一段距离”, “一个数量”, “一个面积”的时候用单数谓语动词.　　　
Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.　　　
Five thousand dollars is too much.　　　
Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.
9. people(人民), police, cattle(牛群)等常用复数动词. 有一些集体名词,如果表示的是整体就用单数动词, 如果表示的是其中的个体就用复数谓语动词.这样的词常见的有family, class, audience, public, team等等.　　　
His family are all singers.　　　
His family is very large.
10. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词一致。　　　
Those who want to go please sign their names here.
11.一些名词只有复数形式，如clothes, scissors, trousers, shorts, scales 等，作主语时谓语用复数形式　　　
The scales(天平) are mine.　　　
但是成双的东西前面有a pair of 要用单数。　　　
This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.
12.如果主语是由“a series of, a kind of, a portion of,one of+等+名词”构成时，动词一般用单数形式。
A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for language laboratory use.
但a variety of, a number of +名词复数，动词要用复数形式; .而the number of +复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
The number of the students in our class is 50.
A number of students are learning Japanese now.
On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods.
The number of the students is over 800　　　
This kind of men is dangerous.　　　
如果是多种，谓语动词要用复数。　　　
There are many kinds of apples.
13. 算术式通常用单数。
Two times two is four.
14. ics结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。
15. 书名，剧名，报纸名，国名的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。　　　
The united states is a capitalist country.　　　
“ The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.
16.“the+形容词（分词）“ 指人谓语动词用复数形式。　　　
The English speak English.　　
The old are going to be looked after well.
17. who, what, which, all,more, most some, any, none,half, the rest, the remainder 等作主语要看各自的情况。
18. one and a half 加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。　　　
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
19.名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。
如：ours (=Our Party) is a great party.
Your shoes are black, mine (=my shoes) are brown.
20. 以here，there开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致
There is a book and three pens on the desk.
Here are some books and paper for you.
21.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致
Behind the house are some trees.
22.几分之几/half of/part of/the rest of+n/pron.作主语，谓语动词由后面的n/pron决定。而one of+n/pron作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
如：Two thirds of the bread was eaten.
23.名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。
如：The doctor's is on the other side of the street.
24. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。
More than one student has ever been to Beijing.    不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
25. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。
Each boy and each girl has got a seat.    每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
Every man and every woman is at work.   每个男人和女人都在工作。
26. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。　
A student or two has failed the exam.    一两个学生考试不及格。
27. 以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：news, maths, physics 等。例如：
No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
Maths is very popular in our class. 在我们班数学很受欢迎。
注意：so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。
My wife like classic music very much and so do I.
She doesn't like jazz and neither do I.

I. 改错：
　　1. Both paper and ink is used up.
　　2. Eating too much are bad for your health.
　　3.This pair of shoes are my brother's.
　　4. Each of the boys have a dictionary.
　　5 Every one of the students in Class Two have two books .
　　6.I think maths are very difficult to learn.
　　7. A large number of students has gone to work in Xingjiang.
　　8.The mother with two children often go to the town.
　　II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
　　9. _____ (be) everything OK?      10. Nobody _______ (know) the answer to the question.
　　11. Ten divided by two ___(be) five. 12. Most of the drinking water ___ (be) from the Black River.
　　13. Not only she but also I _______ (do) morning exercises every day.
　　14. Either you or she _____ (have) made a wrong decision.
　　15. The family _____(be) spending the weekend together.
　　16. Bread and butter ___(be) her daily breakfast. 17. The police ___ (be) trying to catch the thief.
　　18. The number of people invited ___fifty, but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons.
　　Ⅲ. 选择填空。
　　( )19.There _____ many new words in Lesson One. It is very easy. A. is B. aren’t C. isn’tD. are
　　( )20. ---These bananas look different and they are sweet.
　　     ---Right. They ______ here from Taiwan yesterday.
　　   A. was brought B. were brought C. bring D. are brought
　　( ) 21. The Olympic Games __held every__years. A. is，four B. are，four C. is，five D. are，five
　　( ) 22. Look, here come some _______.     A. dog B. horse C. deer D. cow
　　( ) 23. The injured in the tsunami _____ good care of by some medical teams.
　　 A. is taken B. are being taken C. are taking D. is being taken
　　( ) 24. It is not J. K. Rowling but her works that _____ us excited.
　　   A. makes B. is made C. make D. are made
　　( ) 25. On the closet _____ a pair of trousers his parents bought for his birthday.
　　　　A. lying B. lies C. lie D. is laid
　　( ) 26. Each man and each woman _____ asked to help when the fire broke out.
　   　A. is B. was C. are D. were
　　( ) 27. About 60 percent of the students ___ from the south; the rest of them ___from the north and foreign countries.          A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are
　　( ) 28. They said the eighteenth and last lesson ___quite easy.    A. is B. was C. are D. were
　　( ) 29. ---When are you going to Kumming for your holidays?
　　     ---I haven’t decided. ______ this Sunday ______ next Sunday is OK.
　   　A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also
　　( ) 30.______ Helen ______ Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China.
　　   A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. A and B
　　( ) 31.The paper for books and new papers ____ made of wood.   A. are B. is C. has D. have
　　( ) 32. Not only my brother but also I______ good at painting. Both of us ______good painters.
　　   A. are...are B. am...are? C. is...is D. are...is
　　( ) 33. _______ of them has his own opinion.     A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each
　　( ) 34. Are there any _______ on the farm?       A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep
　　( )35. One-third of the area __________ covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees __been planted.    A. are; have B. is; has C. is; have D. are; has
　　( ) 36. The number of teachers in our college _____ greatly increased last term. A number of teachers in this school _____ from the countryside.
　　    A. was; is B. was; are C. were; are D. were; is
　　( ) 37. What _____ the population of China? One-third of the population _____ workers here.
　　   A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; is
　　( ) 38. Not only he but also we ___ right. He as well as we __right.
　　　　A. are; are B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are
　　( )39. What he’d like _____ a digital watch. What he’d like _____ textbooks.
　　   A. are; are B. is; is C. is; are D. are; is
　　( )40. My shirt ___white and my trousers ___ blue.   A. are; are B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are
　　( ) 41.----Two months ____ quite a long time.---Yes. I’m afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons.
　　 A. is B. are C. was D. were
　　( ) 42.He is one of the boys who __here on time. He is the only one of the boys who _here on time.
　　　　A. has come; have come B. have come; has come
　　　　C. has come; has come D. have come; have come
　　( )43. Either you or he ____interested in playing chess. ____you or he fond of music at present?
　　   A. are; Are B. is; Are C. are; Is D. is; Is
　　( )44. Many a professor ___ looking forward to visiting Germany now. Many scientists ___studied animals and plants in the last two years.   A. is; have B. is; has C. are; have D. is; are
　　( )45. A knife and a fork _____ on the table. A knife and fork _____ on the table.
　　    A. is; is B. are; are C. are; is D. is; are
　　( )46. Her family _____ much larger than mine four years ago. Her family _____ dancing and singing when I came in last night.   A. were; was B. was; were C. was; was D. were; were
　　( )47.The box of rubbers ____ white. A.is B.are C.be D.were
　　( )48.____ he or you to come home?   A.Is B.Are C.Will D.Can
　　( )49.The writer and teacher ____ coming now.    A.is B.are C.has D.have
　　( )50.The old man has two children but __ of them lives with him. A. both B. none C. neither D. all
　　( )51.Our knowledge of computer ____ growing all the time.   A. be B. is C. are D. were
　　( )52.How and why Jack came to China _____ not known. When and where to build the new library _____ not been decided.   A. is; has B. are; has C. is; have D. are; have
　　( )53.Now Tom together with his classmates _____ football on the playground.
　　   A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing
　　( )54.Two hundred and fifty pounds _____ too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car.
　　   A. is B. are C. were D. be
　　( )55.All but Dick _____ in Class Three this term.   A. are B. is C. were D. was
　　( )56.Soon after the earthquake, every man, woman and child _____ about it.
　　   A. were talking B. was talking C. talk D. talks
　　( )57.We each _____ strong points and each of us on the other hand _____ weak points.
　　 A. have; have B. has; have C. has; has D. have; has
　　( )58.Everyone except Tom and John _____ there when the meeting began.
　　   A. is B. was C. are D. were
　　( )59.Most of the houses __ this year. A. has built B. have built C. has been built D. have been built
　　( )60.My friend and classmate Paul __motorcycles in his spare time.
　　　A. race B. races C. is raced D. is racing
　　( )61.There ____a pen, two pencils, and three books on the desk. A. are B. is C. has D. have
　　( )62.The factory, including its machines and buildings, _____ burnt last night.
　　   A. is B. are C. were D. was
　　( )63.Climbing hills ____of great help to health.   A. is B. are C. were D. be
　　( )64.There ___a lot of good news in today’s newspaper. A. is B. are C. was D. were
　　Ⅳ. 根据中文，完成英语句子。
　　65.我们两个人都没有看这部电影。______ of us______ seen the film.
　　66.我的茶杯里没有水了。______ is ______ water in my cup.
　　67.不是他就是我要到哪儿去。______ he ______ I is going there.
　　68.学生们和老师都不知道这件事。______ the students nor the teacher ______this matter.
　　69.我们家正在一起度周末。______ family ______ spending the weekend together.
　
　

参考答案
　　I. 1.is改为 are 2.are改为 is 3.are改为 is 4.have改为 has
　　5. have 改为 has 6.are改为 is 7.has 改为have 8.go 改为goes
　　II. 9. Is 10.knows 11.is 12.is 13.do
　　14.has 15.are 16.is 17.are 18.was; were
　　Ⅲ. 19-23 BBBCB 24-28 CBBDB 29-33BDBBD 34-38 DCBAB
　　39-43 CDABB 44-48 ACBAA 49-53 ACBAD
　　54-58 AABDB 59-64 DBBDAA
　　Ⅳ. 65. Neither, has 66. There, no 67. Either, or
　　68. Neither, knows 69. Our, are

【课外巩固练习】
一、单项选择
8.Three-fourths of the homework ______today.
A. has finished    B. has been finishedC. have finished    D. have been finished
9Many people say 10,000 _______ a lot of money.
A. dollar is    B. dollars are   C. dollars is      D. dollar are
10.Nobody but two students ______ left in the classroom.
A. is         B. are         C. has         D. have
11.The police _______soon. A. is coming     B. are coming    C. has come        D. have come
12.More than 60 percent of world's radio programs _______ in English.
A. is       B. was         C. are          D. be
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
13.Tom and I________(be) going to see a film this evening.
14.The doctor and writer_________ (have) been here for two years.
15.There______(be) a pen and three books on the desk.
16.My family _________(like) to watch TV.
17.He or she__________ (have) gone there.
18.The news _____________(be) very interesting.
19.Three days______________ (be) not enough for us.
20.Neither of us_______________(enjoy) climbing the tree.
21.Every door and every window ______________(be) to be cleaned.
22.Tom's new trousers__________(be) blue.
23.None ___________(be) late for school yester day.
24.A cart and horse__________ (be) coming.
25.Tom，like Mary and Rose,_______________(have) an interesting book.
26.One of the windows ____________(be) closed.
27.All of my hope____________ (be) gone.
28.Everything____________ (go) well with me.
29.Doing morning exercises ________________ (be) good for your health.
30.What he said ________________sound) reasonable.(有理的)
31.In the boat ______________ (be) three young men.
32.“I” ______________(be) the ninth letter.
33.Lither Jane or Steven _____ watching TV now. 　
A. were     B. is     C. was         D. are
34.Two days _______enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.
　　A. isn’t       B. is        C. are’t        D. are
35.—How many lessons do you usually haver a day? —Six lessons a day. And each of them _____45 minutes.
　　A. last       B. lasts        C. have       D. are
36.Neither Liping nor I _______a basketball player. 　A. am       B. is       C. be        D. are
37.There ______ many new words in lesson one,It is very easy. 　　
A. is       B. aren’t       C. isn’t       D. are
38.The number of the students in our school ____1200. 　　
A. is        B. are       C. has        D. have
39.Maths _______ my favourite subject. 　　A. be       B. is       C. am        D. are
40.The boy with the two dogs _____ when the earthquake rocked the city.
　　A. were sleeping         B. is sleeping 　　C. was sleeping                D. are asle
41.Everyone except Tom and John _____there when the meeting began. 　
A. are      B. is       C. were        D. was
42.That place is not interesting at all, ____of us wants to go there.
A. Neither     B. Both      C. All       D. Some
43.Nobody but Jane _____ the secret. A. know   B. knows   C. have know    D. is
44.—What’s on the plate? some eggs and cakes on it? 　　—There _____some eggs and cakes on it.
　　A. is   B. are   C. was   D. were
45.This pair of glasses ______mine. 　　A. are   B. be   C. is    D. will be
46.Both Lily and Lucy ______ to the party yesterday. 　
A. invited     B. was invited 　　C. had invited       D. were invirted
47.—Two months ______quite a long time. —Yes, I’m afraid that he will miss lots of his lessons.
　　A. is    B. are    C. was   D. were
48.In the city the old _______.
A. take good care of   B. are taken good care of C. is taken good care of   D. are been taken good care of
49.His family _____all very kind and friendly, His family ______a happy one.
　　A. are,is       B. is,is       C. are,are        D. is,are
50.he singer and the dancer _____come to Beijing. 　　A. has       B. have       C. are       D. is
51.The children in this class each _____new school bag. 　　
A. have       B. has      C. has got        D. are having
52.All but one _____ here just now. 　　A. is       B. was      C. has been         D. were
53.If Bob's wife won't agree to go on holiday in winter,       .
　　A.neither he will         B. neither won't he C. neither will he      D. he won't neither
54.I haven't finished my homeworked yet.
　　A. so has he     B. Neither he has    C. He has too   D. He hasn't either
55.“I'm going to visit the Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow.” “     .”
A. I am so      B. So am I       C. So go I        D. So I go
56.You as well as he     to blame(责备) for the accident（交通事故）.
A. are      B. is      C. have      D. has
57.Neither my wife nor I myself     able to teach my daughter to sing English songs.
　　A. has been         B. is         C. are         D. am
58.Miss Chen ____ English on the radio the day before yesterday.
　　　 A. teaches    B/ taught   C. will teach   D. had taught
59.That place is not interesting at all. ____ of us wants to go there. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some
60.Maths ____ my favourite subject. A. be   B. is   C. am   D. are
61.Everyone except Tom and John ____ there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was
62.The boy with the two dogs ____ when the earthquake rocked the city.
　　　 A. were sleeping B. is sleeping   C. was sleeping D. are asleep
63 .Sorry, we already have four people in the car. There ____ for the box.
　　　 A. is a little room B. are no rooms C. is no room   D. are few rooms

高考英语语法专题复习课件

高考英语语法专题复习指导与训练