七.过去完成时：had + 过去分词

　　1．表示过去某个动作或某个具体时间之前已经发生、完成的动作。“过去的过去”。● They had got everything ready before I came.

　　● The play had begunbefore I got to the theater with my boyfriend.

　　2．过去完成时常用于 hardly / scarcely ... when, no sooner ... than等固定句型结构中。（此乃超级重点句型，意为：“一……就”）● She had hardly / scarcely gone to bed when the bell rang.

　　● No sooner had he arrived at the railway station than he met her parents.

　　(注意 no sooner 在句首时句型倒装。)

　　3．intend（打算），mean（意味），hope（希望），want（想要），plan（计划）等动词的过去完成时用来表示本打算做而没有做的事。● I had intended to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.

　　(……原想昨天去看你……)

　　● They had planed to hold a football match last week, but they had to cancel it because the bad weather.

　　(……原计划上周举行一场足球赛……)

　　测试精编：

　　1. -Let's hurry! The president is coming. -Oh, I was afraid that we ________.

　　A. already miss him B. had already missed him

　　C. will miss him already D. have already missed him

　　2. Your letter came just as I ________ my office.

　　A. was leaving B. would leave

　　C. had left D. left

　　3. I ________ my keys, I can't remember where I last sawthem.

　　A. was losing B. lost C. had lost D. have lost

　　4. Nobody knew where the teacher ________.

　　A. has gone B. would have gone

　　C. had gone D. would be gone

　　5. The sportsmen ________ training for 3 hours when the coach told them to break off for rest.

　　A. have been B. are

　　C. had been D. were

1. B    2. A    3. D    4. C    5. C