新版50英镑纸币科学家头像提名公布
New lb50 note scientist nominations released

英国央行英格兰银行（The Bank of England）公布了入围新版50英镑钞票票面人物的科学家名单。名单上包括计算机学先驱艾伦·图灵（Alan Turing）和阿达·洛芙莱斯（Ada Lovelace）、电话的发明者亚历山大·贝尔（Alexander Graham Bell）以及天文学家帕特里克·摩尔（Patrick Moore）等。

The Bank of England received more than 114,000 nominations which met their criteria of who should be the new face of the £50 note. It had to be a real individual – so not Wonder Woman or Winnie-the-Pooh. They had to be dead and they must have contributed to the field of science in the UK.

英央行收到了逾11.4万份有资格成为50英镑纸币新头像的提名。被提名者必须是真实的个体，所以不可以是神奇女侠或小熊维尼等角色。他们还必须是已逝的、为英国科学界做出了贡献的人物。

So far the list includes the discoverer of penicillin Alexander Fleming, the father of modern epidemiology John Snow, the telephone inventor Alexander Graham Bell, the astronomer Patrick Moore and the computing pioneers Ada Lovelace and Alan Turing. Alan Turing, who broke the Nazi Enigma code during World War Two, has more recently gained popular recognition thanks to the 2014 film The Imitation Game starring Benedict Cumberbatch, as Turing.

到目前为止，被提名人选包括青霉素的发现者亚历山大·弗莱明、“现代流行病学之父” 约翰·斯诺、电话的发明者亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔、天文学家帕特里克·摩尔以及计算机学的先驱们阿达·洛芙莱斯和艾伦·图灵。艾伦·图灵在第二次世界大战间破解了纳粹的密码系统 “恩尼格玛”，最近凭借2014年由本尼迪克特·康伯巴奇主演的电影《模仿游戏》，图灵获得了大众的认可。

Bookmakers have Stephen Hawking as the current favourite, with odds of 7/4. The scientist broke new ground on the basic laws which govern the universe. He died earlier this year, having suffered from motor neurone disease for most of his adult life, which gradually paralysed the scientist and eventually left him only able to speak through a computer.

目前，博彩公司最看好斯蒂芬·霍金，他获胜的赔率为七比四。这位科学家曾经就统治宇宙的基本规律提出了突破性的见解。霍金于今年早些时候过世，他成年后的大部分时间里都患有运动神经元病，该疾病逐渐使这位科学家瘫痪，并最终导致他只能通过计算机说话。

The Nobel Prize winner Dorothy Hodgkin is also one of the favourites to win. She is best known for her work in developing crystallography of biochemical compounds. Nominations close in two weeks. After that, a final shortlist will be made and the next year, the new face of £50 note will finally be announced.

诺贝尔奖得主多萝西·霍奇金也是夺冠的一大热门。她以开发了生化化合物领域的晶体学研究而闻名。提名征集活动将在两周后结束。英格兰银行随后会确认最终候选名单，并在明年宣布50英镑纸币上的新头像人物。

1. 词汇

nominations 提名
note 纸币、钞票
discoverer 发现人
penicillin 青霉素
father 某领域的先驱
modern epidemiology 现代流行病学
astronomer 天文学家
computing pioneers 计算机学先驱
broke the code 破解了密码
odds 赔率
broke new ground 开创了新天地
laws 定律、规律
motor neurone disease 运动神经元病
crystallography 晶体学
biochemical compounds 生化化合物
shortlist 最终候选名单

2. 阅读理解：请在读完上文后，回答下列问题 。

1. What did a nomination have to be to make it to the new £50 note?

2. According to the text, why has Alan Turing gained recognition recently?

3. When will the new face of the £50 note be announced?

4. Which word in the text means ‘standards by which something or someone is judged’?

3. 答案

1. What did a nomination have to be to make it to the new £50 note?
It had to be a real individual; it had to be dead and must have contributed to the field of science in the UK.

2. According to the text, why has Alan Turing gained recognition recently?
Alan Turing has more recently gained popular recognition thanks to the 2014 film The Imitation Game starring Benedict Cumberbatch as Turing. 

3. When will the new face of the £50 note be announced?
The new face of £50 note will finally be announced the next year.

4. Which word in the text means ‘standards by which something or someone is judged’?
Criteria.