The National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics, the governing body for mostly small colleges, announced a policy Monday that all but bans transgender athletes from competing in women's sports.
美国全国大学校际体育协会（National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics，简称NAIA）周一（4月8日）宣布了一项政策，基本上禁止变性运动员参加女子体育比赛。

The NAIA's Council of Presidents approved the policy in a 20-0 vote. The NAIA, which oversees some 83,000 athletes at schools across the country, is believed to be the first college sports organization to take such a step.
NAIA的校长理事会以20比0的投票结果批准了该政策。该协会的成员主要是小型大学，负责管理全国各地院校约8.3万运动员，据信是第一个采取这一举措的大学体育组织。

According to the transgender participation policy, all athletes may participate in NAIA-sponsored male sports but only athletes whose biological sex assigned at birth is female and have not begun hormone therapy will be allowed to participate in women's sports.
根据这项跨性别参与政策，所有运动员都可以参加该协会主办的男子运动项目，但只有出生时生理性别为女性且未开始激素治疗的运动员才可以参加女子运动项目。

A student who has begun hormone therapy may participate in activities such as workouts, practices and team activities, but not in interscholastic competition.
已经开始激素治疗的学生可以参加锻炼、练习和团队活动等活动，但不能参加校际比赛。

"With the exception of competitive cheer and competitive dance, the NAIA created separate categories for male and female participants," the NAIA said. "Each NAIA sport includes some combination of strength, speed and stamina, providing competitive advantages for male student-athletes. As a result, the NAIA policy for transgender student-athletes applies to all sports except for competitive cheer and competitive dance, which are open to all students."
NAIA表示：“除了竞技啦啦队和竞技舞蹈之外，NAIA为男性和女性参与者设立了分开的类别。每项NAIA运动都包含力量、速度和耐力的一定组合，为男学生运动员带来了竞争优势。因此，NAIA针对变性学生运动员的政策适用于除竞技啦啦队和竞技舞蹈之外的所有运动项目，这两项运动开放给所有学生。”

There is no known number of transgender athletes at the high school and college levels, though it is believed to be small. The topic has become a hot-button issue for those for and against transgender athletes competing on girls' and women's sports teams.
高中和大学级别的跨性别运动员的数量尚不清楚，但据信数量很少。尽管如此，这个话题已成为保守派团体和其他认为不应允许变性运动员参加女子和女子运动队比赛的热门话题。

At least 24 states have laws barring transgender women and girls from competing in certain women's or girls sports competitions. Last month, more than a dozen current and former college athletes filed a federal lawsuit against the NCAA, accusing the sports governing body for more than 500,000 athletes of violating their rights by allowing transgender women to compete in women's sports.
至少24个州制定了法律，禁止变性女子和女孩参加某些女子或女孩体育比赛。上个月，十多名现役和退役大学运动员对全国大学体育协会（National Collegiate Athletic Association，简称NCAA）提起联邦诉讼，指控该体育管理机构允许跨性别女性参加女子体育比赛，从而侵犯了超过50万名运动员的权利。

The Biden administration originally planned to release a new federal Title IX rule — the law forbids discrimination based on sex in education — addressing both campus sexual assault and transgender athletes. But earlier this year, the department decided to split them into separate rules, and the athletics rule now remains in limbo even as the sexual assault policy moves forward.
拜登行政当局最初计划发布一项新的联邦第九条规则——该法律禁止教育中基于性别的歧视——来解决校园性侵犯和跨性别运动员问题。但今年早些时候，教育部决定将它们分成单独的规则，性侵犯政策正在取得进展，但针对运动员的规则现在仍停滞不前。

Hours after the NAIA announcement, the NCAA released a statement: "College sports are the premier stage for women's sports in America and the NCAA will continue to promote Title IX, make unprecedented investments in women's sports and ensure fair competition for all student-athletes in all NCAA championships."
在NAIA宣布这一消息几小时后，NCAA发布了一份声明称：“大学体育是美国女子体育的首要舞台，NCAA将继续推广第九条，对女子体育进行前所未有的投资，并确保所有NCAA锦标赛中的所有学生运动员得以公平竞争。”

The NCAA has had a policy for transgender athlete participation in place since 2010, which called for one year of testosterone suppression treatment and documented testosterone levels submitted before championship competitions. In 2022, the NCAA revised its policies on transgender athlete participation in an attempt to align with national sport governing bodies, following the lead of the U.S. Olympic and Paralympic Committee.
NCAA自2010年起就制定了一项针对跨性别运动员参赛的政策，要求进行一年的睾酮抑制治疗，并在冠军赛前提交记录睾酮水平。2022年，继美国奥林匹克委员会和残疾人奥林匹克委员会之后，NCAA也修订了关于跨性别运动员参与的政策，试图与这些全国性的体育管理机构保持一致。

The three-phase implementation of the policy included a continuation of the 2010 policy, requiring transgender women to be on hormone replacement therapy for at least one year, plus the submission of a hormone-level test before the start of both the regular season and championship events.
2022年的那项政策分三阶段实施，包括延续2010年的政策，要求跨性别女性接受至少一年的激素替代治疗，并在常规赛季和锦标赛事开始前提交激素水平测试。

The third phase adds national and international sport governing body standards to the NCAA's policy and is scheduled to be implemented for the 2024-25 school year on August 1.
第三阶段把国家和国际体育管理机构标准纳入NCAA政策，计划于8月1日在2024-2025学年实施。

There are some 15.3 million public high school students in the United States and a 2019 study by the CDC estimated 1.8% of them — about 275,000 — are transgender. The number of athletes within that group is much smaller; a 2017 survey by Human Rights Campaign suggested fewer than 15% of all transgender boys and transgender girls play sports.
美国约有1530万公立高中学生，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）2019年的一项研究估计，其中1.8%——约27.5万人——是跨性别者。这一群体中的运动员数量要少得多；人权战线（Human Rights Campaign）2017年的一项调查显示，只有不到15%的跨性别男孩和跨性别女孩参加体育运动。

The number of NAIA transgender athletes would be far smaller.
NAIA跨性别运动员的数量则会少得多。