U.S. President Joe Biden, the Democratic Party’s 2024 presidential nominee, and former President Donald Trump, the Republican Party’s presumptive nominee, hold very different views on key foreign and domestic issues. Here’s an overview of where each one stands on foreign policy. 民主党2024年总统候选人、现任总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）和共和党推定提名人、前总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）两人在关键的国内外问题上持有截然不同的观点。以下是各自在其外交政策方面立场的概述。
Russia-Ukraine 俄罗斯-乌克兰
Biden endorses sending military and humanitarian assistance to Ukraine to aid its fight against Russia, while warning that Western countries cannot allow Russian President Vladimir Putin to achieve victory. To date, the Biden administration has sanctioned Russian individuals and entities and sent $75 billion in assistance to Ukraine since the February 2022 Russian invasion.
拜登支持向乌克兰提供军事和人道主义援助，以帮助其对抗俄罗斯，同时警告西方国家不能允许俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京（Vladimir Putin）取得胜利。自2022年2月俄罗斯入侵以来，拜登政府迄今已制裁了俄罗斯的一些个人和实体，并向乌克兰提供了750亿美元的援助。
Biden said on March 7, 2024, “Putin of Russia is on the march, invading Ukraine and sowing chaos throughout Europe and beyond. If anybody in this room thinks Putin will stop at Ukraine, I assure you, he will not. But Ukraine can stop Putin if we stand with Ukraine and provide the weapons it needs to defend itself. That is all Ukraine is asking. They are not asking for American soldiers.”
拜登在2024年3月7日表示：“俄罗斯的普京正在进军，入侵乌克兰，在整个欧洲及其他地区播下混乱的种子。如果在座的有人认为普京会止步于乌克兰，我向你保证，他不会。但是，如果我们与乌克兰站在一起并提供自卫所需的武器，乌克兰就可以阻止普京。这就是乌克兰所要求的。他们不是在要求美国出兵。”
Trump has said NATO countries are not paying their share of aid to Ukraine and claimed the United States has sent more than other countries. At a February rally, Trump said he told an unnamed NATO member that he would encourage Russia “to do whatever the hell they want” to any alliance member that does not meet spending guidelines on defense. In a 2023 speech in New Hampshire, Trump said, “Shortly after I win the presidency, I will have the horrible war between Russia and Ukraine settled.”
特朗普表示，北约国家没有向乌克兰支付其应有的援助份额，并声称美国提供的援助比其他国家多。在2月份的一次集会上，特朗普表示，他告诉一个没有点名的北约成员国，他将鼓励俄罗斯对任何不遵循国防开支指导原则的北约成员国进行“为所欲为”的行动。特朗普在2023年新罕布什尔州的一次演讲中说：“在我赢得这次总统职位后不久，我将会解决俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的可怕战争。”
Throughout his presidency, Trump faced multiple accusations of collusion with Russia and was impeached by the U.S. House of Representatives on Dec. 18, 2019, for charges he leveraged U.S. aid to Ukraine in return for damaging information on potential political rival Joe Biden. Trump denied those charges and was later acquitted by the U.S. Senate.
在其整个总统任期内，特朗普曾面临多项与俄罗斯勾结的指控，并于2019年12月18日被美国众议院弹劾，罪名是他利用美国对乌克兰的援助，来换取有关潜在政治对手拜登的不利信息。特朗普否认了这些指控，后来被美国参议院判定无罪。
China
中国
Biden said on March 7, 2024, “We have the best economy in the world. And since I've come to office, our GDP is up, our trade deficit with China is down to the lowest point over a decade and we're standing up against China's unfair economic practices. We're standing up for peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait. I've revitalized our partnership and alliance in the Pacific. India, Australia, Japan, South Korea, Pacific Islands. I made sure that the most advanced American technologies can't be used in China, not allowing to trade them there. Frankly, for all this tough talk on China, it never occurred to my predecessor to do any of that. I want competition with China, not conflict. And we're in a stronger position to win the conflict of the 21st century against China than anyone else, for that matter, than any time as well."
拜登在2024年3月7日说：“我们拥有世界上最好的经济。自从我上任以来，我们的GDP上升了，我们与中国的贸易逆差降至十年来的最低点，我们挺身反对中国不公平的经济行为。我们支持跨台湾海峡的和平与稳定。我重振了我们在太平洋地区的伙伴关系和联盟：印度、澳大利亚、日本、韩国、太平洋岛国。我确保最先进的美国技术不能在中国使用，这些技术不得在中国进行贸易。坦率地说，尽管对中国发表了所有那些强硬的言论，但我的前任从未想过要这样做。我想要与中国竞争，而不是冲突。就此而言，我们比其他任何人都更有能力赢得21世纪与中国的冲突，也比任何时候都更有力。”
During his presidency, in a May 2020 speech, Trump said, “The United States wants an open and constructive relationship with China, but achieving that relationship requires us to vigorously defend our national interests.”
在担任总统期间，特朗普在2020年5月的一次演讲中说，“美国希望与中国建立开放和建设性的关系，但实现这种关系需要我们大力捍卫我们的国家利益。”
On his campaign website, Trump said, “To protect our country, we need to enact aggressive new restrictions on Chinese ownership of any vital infrastructure in the United States, including energy, technology, telecommunications, farmland, natural resources, medical supplies, and other strategic national assets. We should stop all future Chinese purchases in these essential industries. And we should begin the process of forcing the Chinese to sell any current holdings that put our national security at risk.”
特朗普在他的竞选网站上说，“为了保护我们的国家，我们需要对中国拥有美国任何重要基础设施的所有权实施积极主动的新限制，包括能源、技术、电信、农田、自然资源、医疗用品和其他战略性的国家资产。我们应该停止中国未来在这些重要行业的所有采购。我们应该开始迫使中国出售任何危及我们国家安全的现有资产。
Israel-Palestinians
以色列-巴勒斯坦人
Biden says Israel has a right to go after Hamas but has warned Israel against killing Palestinian civilians. In March, Biden announced the construction of an offshore port to deliver aid to Gaza.
拜登说，以色列有权打击哈马斯，但警告以色列不要杀害巴勒斯坦平民。今年3月，拜登宣布建造一个离岸港口，向加沙提供援助。
Biden said in New York on March 9, 2024, “I'm never going to leave Israel. The defense of Israel is still critical, so there's no red line I'm going to cut off all weapons, so they don't have the Iron Dome to protect them. They don't have ... but there's red lines that if he crosses and they continue … you cannot have 30,000 more Palestinians dead as a consequence of going after, there's other ways to deal, to get to, to deal with the trauma caused by Hamas.”
拜登2024年3月9日在纽约表示，“我永远不会抛弃以色列。以色列的防御仍然至关重要，所以没有红线会让我切断所有武器供应的红线，让他们没有铁穹防御系统来保护自己。他们没有...但是有红线的是，如果他越过红线，而且他们继续......你不能因为打击哈马斯而让30000多名巴勒斯坦人死亡，还有其他处理方法，处理哈马斯造成的创伤。”
Trump released a Middle East peace plan in 2020 calling for a two-state solution that would have given Israel control of a unified Jerusalem and maintained its settlements in the West Bank.
特朗普在2020年发布了一项中东和平计划，呼吁采取两国解决方案，让以色列控制统一的耶路撒冷，并维持其在约旦河西岸的定居点。
In an interview with the Israel Hayom newspaper on March 25, 2024, Trump said of the current conflict, “What I saw October 7 was one of the saddest things I've ever seen. ... You have to finish up your war. To finish it up. You got to get it done. And I am sure you will do that. And we got to get to peace; we can't have this going on. And I will say, Israel has to be very careful, because you're losing a lot of the world, you're losing a lot of support, you have to finish up, you have to get the job done. And you have to get on to peace, to get on to a normal life for Israel.”
2024年3月25日，特朗普在接受《以色列报》（Israel Hayom）采访时谈到当前的冲突时说：“我在10月7日看到的是我见过的最悲伤的事情之一。...你们必须完成你们的战争。完成它。你们必须把事情做成。我相信你们会这样做的。我们必须实现和平；我们不能让这种情况继续下去。我要说的是，以色列必须非常小心，因为你正在失去很多世界上很多地方的支持，你正在失去很多支持，你必须完成，你必须把事情做成。你必须走上和平，让以色列过上正常的生活。”
Iran
伊朗
Biden spent more than two years attempting to restore the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, or JCPOA, the nuclear agreement negotiated by the Obama administration before declaring it “dead.” Last year, the Biden administration negotiated the release of five American hostages in return for unfreezing billions in Iranian assets.
拜登花了两年多的时间试图恢复奥巴马政府谈判达成的伊朗核协议《联合全面行动计划》（JCPOA），而不愿让其“死亡”。去年，拜登政府通过谈判使伊朗释放了五名美国人质，以换取美国解冻数十亿美元的伊朗资产。
Biden said in Washington on March 7, 2024, "Creating stability in the Middle East also means containing the threat posed by Iran. That's why I built a coalition of more than a dozen countries to defend international shipping and freedom of navigation in the Red Sea. I've ordered strikes to degrade the Houthi capability and defend U.S. forces in the region. As commander in chief, I will not hesitate to direct further measures to protect our people and our military personnel."
拜登2024年3月7日在华盛顿表示, “在中东创造稳定也意味着遏制伊朗构成的威胁。这就是为什么我建立了一个由十几个国家组成的联盟，以捍卫红海的国际航运和航行自由。我已下令进行打击，以削弱胡塞武装的能力并保卫该地区的美军。作为总司令，我将毫不犹豫地指示采取进一步措施，保护我们的人民和我们的军事人员。”
Among Trump’s proudest achievements was the withdrawal of the United States from the JCPOA. He also authorized the strike that killed Qasem Soleimani, the commander of the Quds Force — the terrorist branch of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, or IRGC — a move he called “the boldest action of his presidency.”
特朗普最引以为豪的成就之一是美国退出《联合全面行动计划》。他还授权实施了打死伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队（IRGC）恐怖主义分支圣城军（Quds Force）指挥官卡西姆·苏莱曼尼（Qasem Soleimani）的袭击，他称此举是“他担任总统期间最大胆的行动”。
North Korea
朝鲜
The Biden administration has repeatedly stated it is open to negotiations with North Korea with no preconditions but has yet to offer any incentives in the form of economic assistance to encourage North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un to open talks. Biden has met with regional allies and last year announced a new nuclear deterrence agreement, with South Korea, that would allow the U.S. to dock submarines in South Korean ports.
拜登政府一再表示，它愿意在没有先决条件的情况下与朝鲜进行谈判，但尚未以经济援助的形式提供任何激励措施，以鼓励朝鲜领导人金正恩开启谈判。拜登会晤了地区盟友，并于去年宣布与韩国达成一项新的核威慑协议，该协议将允许美国将潜艇停靠在韩国港口。
During his presidency, Trump pursued “complete, verifiable, and irreversible denuclearization” of North Korea but eventually developed a good personal relationship with Jong-Un after multiple meetings. His personal diplomacy did not result in any agreements between the two countries.
在担任总统期间，特朗普寻求朝鲜的“完全、可核查和不可逆转的无核化”，但在多次会晤后最终与金正恩建立了良好的个人关系。他的个人外交并没有导致美朝两国之间达成任何协议。
