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Module 3 Music Haydn 海顿 Joseph Haydn (1732 - 1809) was an Austrian composer and is known as "the father of the symphony". Other composers had written symphonies before Haydn, but he changed the symphony into a long piece for a large orchestra. He was born in a village in Austria, the son of a peasant. He had a beautiful singing voice. After studying music in Vienna, Haydn went to work at the court of a prince in eastern Austria, where he became director of music. Having worked there for 30 years, Haydn moved to London, where he was very successful. Mozart 莫扎特 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791) was a composer, possibly the greatest musical genius of all time. He only lived 35 years and he composed more than 600 pieces of music. Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria. His father Leopold was a musician and orchestra conductor. Wolfgang had musical talent from a very early age. He learned to play the harpsichord when he was four, he started composing music when he was five, and when he was six, he played the harpsichord in a concert for the Empress of Austria. By the time he was 14, Mozart had composed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestras. While he was still a teenager, Mozart was already a big star and toured Europe giving concerts. Haydn met Mozart in 1781 and was very impressed with him. "He is the greatest composer the world has known," he said the two were friends until Mozart's death in 1791. Beethoven 贝多芬 Ludwig van Beethoven (1770 - 1827) was born in Bonn, Germany.He showed musical talent when he was very young, and learned to play the violin and piano from his father, who was a singer. Mozart met Beethoven and was impressed by him. "He will give something wonderfulto the world," he said. Beethoven met Haydn in 1791, but was not impressed by the older man. After they had known each other for many years, Beethoven said, "He is a good composer, but he has taught me nothing." However, it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna. Beethoven became very popular in the Austrian capital and stayed there for the rest of his life. As he grew older, he began to go deaf. He became completely deaf during the last years of his life, but he continued composing. module 3 约瑟夫o海顿(1732 1809)，奥地利作曲家，以“交响乐之父”著称。在他之前，也有作曲家写过交响乐，但是他把交响乐曲改成了适合大交响乐团演奏的长乐曲。 海顿出生在奥地利的一个村庄，是一个农民的儿子。他有着优美的嗓音。在维也纳学习音乐之后，海顿去奥地利东部一个王子的宫廷工作，在那里他成了音乐指挥家。在那儿工作了30年后，海顿移居伦敦。在伦敦，他非常成功。 沃尔夫冈o阿马迪厄斯o莫扎特(1756一1791)，是一位作曲家，或许也是历史上最伟大的音乐天才。莫扎特只活了35岁，却创作了600多首乐曲。 莫扎特出生在奥地利的萨尔茨堡。他的父亲莱波尔德是一位音乐家和乐队指挥。莫扎特年幼时就已经有音乐天赋。他4岁时会弹拨弦键琴；5岁时开始作曲；6岁时就在一场音乐会上为奥地利皇后演奏拨弦键琴。 莫扎特到14岁的时候，不仅已经谱写了很多管弦乐曲，还谱写了许多拨弦键琴曲、钢琴曲和小提琴曲。莫扎特还在青少年时期就成了明星，在欧洲巡回演出。海顿在1781年与莫扎特相遇，莫扎特给他留下了深刻的印象。他说：“他是世界上最伟大的作曲家。”直到1791年莫扎特去世，他们两人一直是好朋友。 路德维格o范o贝多芬(1770一1827)出生于德国波恩。他年少时就显示出音乐才华。他父亲是位歌唱家，贝多芬从他那里学会了拉小提琴以及弹钢琴。莫扎特遇见贝多芬时，对他很钦佩，并说道：“他一定会给世人带来美妙的音乐。” 1791年，贝多芬见到了海顿，却未对这位长者有很深的印象。相识多年后，贝多芬说：“他是位优秀的作曲家，却没有教会我什么。”然而，是海顿鼓励贝多芬移居维也纳的。 贝多芬在奥地利首都很受欢迎，并在那里度过了余生。随着年龄的增长，他的耳朵变聋了。在生命的最后几年，他完全丧失了听觉，但是继续从事音乐创作。 |
