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Module 6 The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and it's accessible through a computer. It consists of millions of pages of data. In 1969, DARPA, a U.S. defence organisation, developed a way for all their computers to "talk" to each other through the telephone. They created a network of computers called DARPANET. For fifteen years, only the U.S. army could use this system of communication. Then in 1984, the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) started the NSFNET network. It then became possible for universities to use the system as well. NSFNET became known as the Inter-Network, or "Internet". The World Wide Web (the web) is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet. At the moment, about 80 percent of web traffic is in English, but this percentage is going down. By 2020, much web traffic could be in Chinese. The World Wide Web was invented in 1991 by an English scientist, Tim Berners-Lee. Berners-Lee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television! He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army. He designed the first "web browser", which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers. From that moment on, the web and the Internet grew. Within five years, the number of Internet users rose from 600 000 to 40 million. The Internet has created thousands of millionaires, but Berners-Lee is not one of them. Everyone in the world can access the Internet using his World Wide Web system. He now works as a lecturer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. MODULE 6 因特网是世界上最大的信息来源(source)，它可以通过电脑进入(accessible)。它由数百万页数据(data)组成(consist of)。 1969年，美国国防(defence保护；防卫)部的一个组织——DARPA研发出了一种办法，使他们所有的电脑通过电话相互“交谈”。他们创建(create)了一个叫DARPANET的电脑网络(network)。 15年间，只有美国军队能够使用这种通讯系统。然后在1984年，美国国家科学基金会启动了NSFNET网络系统。随之，大学也(as well)可以使用这种系统。NSFNET作为互联网络或“因特网”而闻名(become known as)。 万维网是一种电脑网络，它允许电脑用户通过(via)因特网从数百万的网站上获取信息。 目前，大约80%的网络信息是用英文传输的，但这个比例(percentage)正在下降(go down)。到2020年，很多网络传输可能会用汉语。 万维网是由一名英国科学家——蒂姆o贝尔纳斯o李在1991年发明创造的。读大学时，贝尔纳斯o李利用一台旧电视机制成了他的第一台电脑。1989年当他在瑞士工作期间，提出了(come up with)(组建)万维网的想法。 贝尔纳斯o李使人人都能使用因特网，而不仅仅是大学和军队。他设计(design)了第一个“网络浏览器”，允许电脑用户从其他电脑上读取文件(document)。从那时起(from that moment on)，网络和因特网不断发展壮大。在5年的时间里，使用因特网的人数从60万上升到4千万。 因特网造就了成千上万的百万富翁，但贝尔纳斯o李却不是其中一员。世界上的每个人都可以利用他的万维网系统访问因特网。现在他在波士顿麻省理工学院担任讲师。 |
