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Module 5 Passage A It is hard to think of a world without metals. Different metals have different uses, for example, steel is used in cars, and iron is used in electrical equipment. When we use metals, it is important to know how they react with different substances, for example, water and oxygen. The reaction of metals with these substances can be put in order. Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top, and the metals that react least at the bottom. Passage B A Simple Scientific Experiment Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment. It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water. Aim: To find out if iron rusts (a) in dry air; (b) in water that has no air in it (air-free water); (c) in ordinary water. Apparatus: 3 clean iron nails; test tubes; test tube holder;cotton wool; oil; Bunsen burner. Iron in dry air Method (1) Put some iron nails at the bottom of a test tube. (2) Push some cotton wool down the tube. (3) Leave the tube for one week. Result After one week, the nails have not rusted. Conclusion Iron does not rust in dry air. Iron in air-free water Method (1) Half-fill a test tube with water. (2) Boil the water for three minutes. (This makes sure there is no air in the water.) (3) Put two or three clean nails in the water. (4) Add some oil to the water. This will keep air out of the water. (5) Leave the tube of one week. Result The nails do not rust in the tube with air-free water. Conclusion Iron rusts in ordinary water. My feelings about science have really changed. I never used to enjoy science，but last year I changed schools，and the science teachers at my new school are excellent. The science facilities are very good，with laboratories that have all the latest equipment. Our chemistry teacher，Mr Longford，takes us to public science lectures about four times a term，and these are always very interesting， as the lecturers are people who have made real discoveries in their area of science. The fact is，Canada has many first-notclass scientists. In the last twenty years，seven Canadian scientists have won the Nobel Prize！The Nobel Prize is the highest scientific prize there is，so we should be very proud of that. I’m becoming more and more interested in physics，and have decided that I want to study it at university. I’m going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University，as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments. My parents are astonished. They always thought I would become an English teacher！ 文章A 很难想象一个没有金属的世界。不同的金属有不同的用途，比如，钢材用于汽车中，铁用于电气设备(electrical equipment)中。当我们使用金属时，了解它们与不同的物质如何反应(react)很重要，比如，水和氧气。(不同的)金属与这些物质的反应(reaction)程度可以按顺序排列。表中金属反应最强的排在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。 一种氧化物＝另一种物质＋氧 文章B 一个简单的科学实验 下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。它向我们展示铁如何与空气和水反应。 目的：为了弄清铁在下列情况下是否生锈(rust)(a)在干燥的空气中；(b)在没有空气的水中；(c)在普通的(ordinary)水中。 仪器：3枚干净的铁钉；试管；试管架；棉球；油；本生酒精灯。 铁在干燥的空气中 方法 把几枚铁钉放入试管底部。 (2)把一些棉球放入试管。 (3)将试管放置一周。 结果 一周后，铁钉没有生锈。 结论 (conclusion) 2、铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。 铁在没有空气的水中方法 (1)在试管中注入一半水。 )把水煮 (boil) 3分钟。(这样可以确保水中没有空气。) 把2到3枚干净的铁钉放入水中。 在水中加入(add...to...) 一些油。这将防止空气进入水中。 (5)将试管放置一周。 结果 铁钉在没有空气的水中没有生锈。 结论 铁在没有空气的水中不生锈。 铁在普通的水中 方法 (1)在试管中注入一半水，加入2到3枚干净的铁钉。 (2)将试管放置一周。 结果 铁钉在盛有普通的水的试管中生锈了。 结论 铁在普通的水中生锈。 CULTURE CORNER 我对理科的感受真的改变了。过去(used to)我从不喜欢理科，但是去年我转学了，我的新学校的理科老师很棒。科研设备(facility)很好，有配备了最新设备的实验室。我们的化学老师朗福德先生大约每学期带我们去听四次公共科学讲座(lecture)，这些讲座总是非常有趣，因为演讲者都是一些在各自的科学领域(in the area of)真正有所发现的人。事实是，加拿大有很多一流的科学家。在过去的20年里，7名加拿大科学家获诺贝尔奖！诺贝尔奖是现有的最高科学奖项，因此我们应该为此感到骄傲(be proud of)。 我对物理越来越感兴趣，并且已决定到大学去学习物理。我打算上蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为两者都应该(be supposed to)拥有出色的物理系(department)。我的父母感到很惊讶(astonished)。他们一直认为我会成为一名英语教师！ |
