中央委员会候补委员（alternate members of the CPC Central Committee）和中央委员会委员（members of the CPC Central Committee）的任期同样是五年。当中央委员会委员出缺时，由中央委员会候补委员按照得票多少依次递补（fill the vacancy）。

报告说，参照十八大时的做法，中央确定了74名特邀代表（74 specially invited delegates）出席党的十九大，特邀代表享有代表同等权利（they would enjoy equal rights as elected delegates）。

中央决定，邀请党内有关负责同志和部分党外人士列席大会（non-voting participants）。列席大会的有：不是十九大代表的十八届中央委员会委员、候补委员（non-delegate members and alternate members of the 18th CPC Central Committee）和中央纪律检查委员会委员（non-delegate members of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection），不是十九大代表、特邀代表的原中央顾问委员会委员（non-delegates nor specially invited delegates but former members of the Central Advisory Commission），以及其他有关同志，共405人。

另外，表达“have your head buried in a book”和“have your head stuck in a book”也表示同样的意思。我们通常把爱读书的人叫做“bookworm 书虫”。

例句

Jenny is a bookworm – she always has her nose in a book.
珍妮是一个书虫，她总在专心看书。

I would rather have my nose in a book than playing with other kids outside.
我更喜欢自己埋头读书，而不是和其他小孩一起在外面玩耍。

I’ve been very busy lately. I’d wake up early and have my nose in a book for the rest of the day.
最近我很忙。我起得很早，接着就一头扎进书堆里学习一整天。

例句

I never hide any secrets from my mum because she can read me like a book.
我从来不和我妈隐藏任何秘密，因为她总能把我看透。

I could tell that you were having an off day – I can read you like a book.
我能看出来你今天状态不怎么样，我可以读懂你的心思。

A: You didn’t really like the food I cooked today, did you?
A：你其实不太喜欢我今天做的菜，对吧？
B: How did you know?
B：你是怎么知道的？
A: Come on, I can read you like a book.
A：拜托，我对你了如指掌。

例句

Simon has just left school and is still wet behind the ears.
西蒙刚从学校毕业，还没什么社会经验呢。

Sarah knows the theory of the job, but when it comes to practical experience, she’s still wet behind the ears.
莎拉理论上知道这份工作该怎么干，但要付诸实践时，她可没有什么经验可谈。

The committee took no notice of what Peter said; obviously they thought he was still wet behind the ears.
委员会对彼得说的话不屑一顾，显然他们认为他缺少经验。

据说，这个表达源自航海，每个新船员都要掌握系船绳的正确方法，所以有经验的船员则会“show them the ropes”。如今我们用“show someone the ropes”来比喻“给某人传授门道”。我们还可以用“know the ropes”这个类似的说法形容某人“懂得做事的窍门”。

例句

I'm only new here, so I need someone with experience to show me the ropes.
我刚刚来到这里，所以我需要一位经验丰富的同事来教我一些入门技巧。

Ms Jones showed me the ropes when I first joined the department.
琼斯女士在我新加入这个部门的时候给我传授了工作技巧。

The trainees will be here in an hour. It will be great if you could show them the ropes.
实习生们会在一个小时后到。希望你能带一带他们，给他们传授些经验。

例句

You don’t have to worry what others say about you, nobody’s perfect.
你没必要担心其他人对你的评论。没有人是完美的。 

Nobody is perfect, we all learn by our mistakes.
人无完人，我们都是通过我们犯的错来学习的。

Don't put this pressure on yourself. Nobody’s perfect and you’ve tried your best.
别给自己这么大的压力。人无完人，而且你已经做出了最大的努力。

例句

She worked her fingers to the bone to feed the family.
她拼了命地工作，就为了养家糊口。

I worked my fingers to the bone to get the garden ready for the summer.
我费了好大劲儿，拼命工作了好一阵儿才把花园整理好，迎接夏天的到来。

We don’t expect staff to work their fingers to the bone, but we do expect hard work from everyone.
我们不要求员工不分昼夜、废寝忘食地工作，但我们希望每个人都能努力地工作。

例句

It’s a bugbear of mine that you smack your lips while eating.
我很受不了你吃饭时吧唧嘴的这个习惯。

Gemma’s loud neighbour has been her biggest bugbear recently.
杰玛的邻居很吵闹，这是近来最让她头疼的事。

Constant littering is a major bugbear for the town council.
经常有人乱仍垃圾是一件让地方政府感到非常头疼的事。

“主席好！”"Hail to you, chairman!"

“同志们辛苦了！”"Comrades, thanks for your hard work!"

“为人民服务！”"Serve the people!"

今天的受阅官兵都来自战斗部队（all officers and soldiers in the parade are from actual combat units），指挥员和战斗员本色登场，展现了英雄部队新时代的新形象。

听党指挥！ Follow the Party!

能打胜仗！Fight to win!

作风优良！Forge exemplary conduct!

在阅兵分列式中，有护旗方队（formation of flag guards）、纪念标识梯队（helicopter echelon of celebration marks）和9个作战群接受检阅。

The spectacle involved more than 12,000 troops, 600 pieces of military hardware and more than 100 aircraft of various types, representing the Chinese military's most cutting-edge technology.
今天接受检阅的共有12000名官兵、600余台（套）装备和陆海空三军航空兵100多架战机，代表了中国军队最尖端科技。

More than 40 percent of the presented equipment is debut first time for a parade.
其中40%新型装备最新亮相。

我坚信，我们的英雄军队有信心、有能力打败一切来犯之敌！
I firmly believe that our heroic military has both the confidence and capability to defeat all intruders.

例句

My father stays home and takes care of us and my mother brings home the bacon.
爸爸在家里照顾我们，而妈妈在外挣钱。

As the eldest child, Mark has a lot of responsibility – he has to finish his degree while bringing home the bacon.
作为长子，马克肩负重任，他得边读完学位边养家糊口。

Who brings home the bacon? You, your husband or both?
你们家谁工作养家？是你，你丈夫还是你们两个人一起？

例句

Emma and Veronica are like chalk and cheese. They can never get along with each other!
艾玛和维罗妮卡是两个完全不同的人，她们绝对没办法好好相处！

I'm not going to compare these two bands because they're like chalk and cheese.
我是不会去比较这两个乐队的，因为他们的风格完全不同。

The elder brother loves extreme sports and the younger one enjoys fishing – they’re like chalk and cheese.
哥哥热爱极限运动，而弟弟却喜欢钓鱼，他们俩迥然不同。

例句

Laura couldn’t stop saying how wonderful the young man she met at the party was, but Sarah thought he's a wolf in sheep’s clothing.
劳拉不停地说她在派对上碰到的年轻男孩如何好，但是莎拉却觉得这个男孩其实是个披着羊皮的狼，需要提防。

I know Ping is charming and all that, but I don't trust her. She is definitely a wolf in sheep’s clothing.
我知道萍很迷人，但我不信任她。她绝对是只披着羊皮的狼。

Trust me on this, you don’t want to go out with Matthew. You may think he is the one, but I can tell you he’s a wolf in sheep’s clothing.
相信我，你不应该和马修交往。你可能觉得他就是你期待的那个人，但我可以告诉你他是只披着羊皮的狼。

例句

It is better to conclude a business deal with a formal contract instead of a gentleman’s agreement.
在缔结商业协议时，最好签署正式的合同，而不是建立口头协定。

The university has promised its students not to raise tuition fee as part of a gentleman’s agreement.
保证不增加学费是这所大学与其学生立下的君子协定的一部分。

There is a gentleman’s agreement not to sign football players from neighbouring clubs.
不与同一地区足球俱乐部的球员签约是足球界不成文的约定。

例句

During this week's survival training, the boys haven’t had a square meal.
在野外生存训练这一周期间，男孩们没吃上一顿饱饭。

Stop complaining! You have three square meals every day. What more do you want?
别抱怨了！你每天都有三顿饱饭吃，你还想要求什么？

A: How was your evening?
A: 晚上过得还好吗？
B: We went to Joe’s and had a proper square meal. We had a great time.
B: 我们去 Joe’s 餐厅吃了一顿丰盛的晚饭。我们度过了一段美好的时光。

例句

I can’t promise I can make it tonight. Let’s play it by ear.
我不能确保我今晚能来。到时候看情况再定。

We should play it by ear. Don’t make any decisions just yet.
我们应该见机行事。别现在就做决定。

I am not sure what the tour guide has in plan for us today, so I’ll just play it by ear.
我还不清楚导游今天给我们做了什么安排，所以打算到时候看情况再做决定。

例句

When I saw photos of James and Sally together in Las Vegas, I put two and two together and guessed they were more than just friends.
当我看到詹姆士和萨利在拉斯维加斯拍的照片时，我推断出他们之间的关系并不仅仅是朋友。

Wendy accidentally shared a selfie with the caption ‘twenty weeks’, and friends put two and two together – she’s pregnant.
Wendy 一不小心在社交网站上发布了一张带有标注文字“20周”的自拍照，结果朋友们推断出她一定是怀孕了。

It’s typical of him to put two and two together and make five. I am used to it now.
他经常乱下结论，我都已经习惯了。

例句

To stay in touch with what young people like nowadays, the company will start introducing more young blood.
为了解最近年轻人都喜欢什么，该公司将注入更多 “新鲜血液”。

Employers must realise that young blood is a significant source of innovation and creativity.
雇主们必须意识到，新生力量是企业创新及创造力的重要来源。

Our recent corporate reform called for more fresh young blood with different perspectives on how to improve our products and services.
公司最新推行的改革要求我们引进更多充满朝气的新生力量，这些年轻人对于如何提高我们产品的质量和服务水平抱有不同的想法。

我们要咬定青山不放松，持之以恒为群众办实事、解难事，促进社会公平正义，把发展硬道理更多体现在增进人民福祉上。
We must make dedicated efforts to deliver services to the people, resolve the difficulties they face, promote social equity and justice, and demonstrate that development does better people’s lives.

切实落实脱贫攻坚责任制，实施最严格的评估考核，严肃查处假脱贫、“被脱贫”、数字脱贫，确保脱贫得到群众认可、经得起历史检验。
The system for ensuring responsibility is taken for poverty elimination will be effectively enforced, the strictest possible evaluations and assessments of poverty alleviation will be carried out, and stern measures will be taken to address deception, falsification, and the manipulation of numbers in poverty elimination work. We must see that the results of our poverty elimination earn the approval of our people and stand the test of time.

我们一定要让企业和群众更多感受到“放管服”改革成效，着力打通“最后一公里”，坚决除烦苛之弊、施公平之策、开便利之门。
To see that businesses and the public benefit more from our reforms to streamline administration, delegate powers, and improve regulation and services, we must cut red tape, level the playing field, provide greater convenience, and remove that last crucial hurdle.

我国经济基本面好，商业银行资本充足率、拨备覆盖率比较高，可动用的工具和手段多。对守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线，我们有信心和底气、有能力和办法。
The fundamentals of the Chinese economy remain sound, the capital adequacy ratio and provision coverage of commercial bans remain high, and we have many financial tools and instruments that can be used. We have the confidence, the ability, and the means to forestall systemic risks.

统筹城市地上地下建设，再开工建设城市地下综合管廊2000公里以上，启动消除城区重点易涝区段三年行动，推进海绵城市建设，使城市既有“面子”、更有“里子”。
We will promote coordinated urban development above and below the ground, and begin construction on at least another 2,000 kilometers of underground utility tunnels in cities. A three-year initiative will be launched to remove the risk of flooding in highly vulnerable urban areas; and further progress will be made in the development of sponge cities. All these efforts will make our cities more attractive and function better.

要大力弘扬工匠精神，厚植工匠文化，恪尽职业操守，崇尚精益求精，培育众多“中国工匠”，打造更多享誉世界的“中国品牌”，推动中国经济发展进入质量时代。
We will promote workmanship and foster a culture of workmanship where workers have a strong ethic and tirelessly seek improvement. We will see great numbers of Chinese workers exemplify workmanship and more Chinese brands enjoy international recognition. We will usher in an era of quality for economic development in China.

加快改善生态环境特别是空气质量，是人民群众的迫切愿望，是可持续发展的内在要求。必须科学施策、标本兼治、铁腕治理，努力向人民群众交出合格答卷。
Faster progress in work to improve environment, particularly air quality, is what people are desperately hoping for, and is critical to sustainable development. We must adopt well-designed policies, tackle both symptoms and root causes, and take tough steps to make the grade in responding to the people.

我们必须牢牢抓住就业这一民生之本，让人们在劳动中创造财富，在奋斗中实现人生价值。
Employment is crucial to ensuring people’s well-being. We will focus our efforts on facilitating employment to see that through their hard work, people can create wealth and realize their full potential.

健全激励机制和容错纠错机制，给干事者鼓劲，为担当者撑腰。广大干部要主动作为、动真碰硬，与人民群众同心协力，以实干推动发展，以实干赢得未来。
We will improve mechanisms that give incentives and allow for and address mistakes so as to support those who are dedicated to their work and stand behind those who live up to their responsibilities. Every one of us in government must take an active approach to our work and have the courage to tackle the toughest problems, we must work closely with the people, using concrete action to make progress in development, and using genuine hard work to realize a bright future.

（中国日报网英语点津 马文英）

经济运行缓中趋稳、稳中向好；
The economy has registered a slower but stable performance with good momentum for growth.

国内生产总值达到74.4万亿元，增长6.7%；
GDP reached 74.4 trillion yuan, representing 6.7-percent growth.

居民消费价格上涨2%；
The CPI rose by 2 percent.

工业企业利润由上年下降2.3%转为增长8.5%；
With an 8.5-percent increase in profits, industrial enterprises reversed the previous year's negative growth of 2.3 percent.

就业增长超出预期；
Employment growth exceeded projections.

全年城镇新增就业1314万人；
A total of 13.14 million new urban jobs were added.

年末城镇登记失业率4.02%，为多年来最低；
The registered urban unemployment rate stood at 4.02 percent at year-end 2016, the lowest level in years.

供给侧结构性改革初见成效；
Initial success was achieved in supply-side structural reform.

服务业增加值占国内生产总值比重上升到51.6%；
The value created by the service sector rose to 51.6 percent of GDP.

大众创业、万众创新广泛开展；
People were busy launching businesses or making innovations.

全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长6.3%；
Personal per capita disposable income increased by 6.3 percent in real terms.

农村贫困人口减少1240万；
The number of people living in poverty in rural areas was reduced by 12.4 million.

出境旅游超过1.2亿人次；
Overseas trips exceeded 120 million.

广义货币M2增长11.3%，低于13％左右的预期目标；
The M2 money supply increased by 11.3 percent, below our projected target of around 13 percent.

深入推进“互联网+”行动和国家大数据战略；
We took further steps to implement the Internet Plus action plan and the national big data strategy.

74个重点城市细颗粒物（PM2.5）年均浓度下降9.1%；
A 9.1-percent drop in the annual average density of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was seen in 74 major cities.

二、2017年工作总体部署
What the government will do in 2017

今年发展的主要预期目标是：
Key projected targets for development this year:

国内生产总值增长6.5%左右，在实际工作中争取更好结果；
GDP growth of around 6.5 percent, or higher if possible in practice.

居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；
CPI increase kept around 3 percent.

城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内；
Over 11 million new urban jobs, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent.

继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。
We will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy.

三、2017年重点工作任务
Major areas of work for 2017

3.1 用改革的办法深入推进“三去一降一补”。
Pushing ahead with the five priority tasks through reform

扎实有效去产能。
Take solid and effective steps to cut overcapacity

因城施策去库存。
Take targeted policies to cut excess urban real estate inventory

积极稳妥去杠杆。
Carry out deleveraging in an active and prudent way.

多措并举降成本。
Take multiple measures to cut costs.

精准加力补短板。
Take targeted and powerful measures to strengthen areas of weakness.

3.2 深化重要领域和关键环节改革
Deepening reform in major sectors and key links

持续推进政府职能转变。
We will continue to transform government function.

继续推进财税体制改革。
We will continue to reform fiscal and tax systems.

抓好金融体制改革。
We will advance reforms in the financial sector.

加快推进国企国资改革。
We will speed up the reform of SOEs and state capital.

更好激发非公有制经济活力。
We will do more to energize the non-public sector.

加强产权保护制度建设。
We will improve the property rights protection system.

大力推进社会体制改革。
We will make a big push for progress in the reform of the social system.

深化生态文明体制改革。
We will deepen institutional reform to build a sound ecological environment.

3.3 进一步释放国内需求潜力
Doing more to unleash the potential of domestic demand

促进消费稳定增长。
We will promote a steady increase in consumer spending.

积极扩大有效投资。
We will work proactively to expand effective investment.

优化区域发展格局。
We will improve planning for regional development.

扎实推进新型城镇化。
We will take solid steps to pursue a new type of urbanization.

3.4 以创新引领实体经济转型升级
Transforming and upgrading the real economy through innovation

提升科技创新能力。
We will strengthen our capability for making technological innovations.

加快培育壮大新兴产业。
We will accelerate the development of emerging industries.

大力改造提升传统产业。
We will endeavor to transform and upgrade traditional industries.

持续推进大众创业、万众创新。
We will continue to encourage people to start businesses and make innovations.

全面提升质量水平。
We will take comprehensive steps to improve product quality.

3.5 促进农业稳定发展和农民持续增收
Promote steady development of agriculture and continued increases in rural incomes

推进农业结构调整。
We will push forward with structural adjustment in agriculture.

加强现代农业建设。
We will boost the development of modern agriculture.

深化农村改革。
We will deepen rural reform.

加强农村公共设施建设。
We will step up the development of public facilities in rural areas.

3.6 积极主动扩大对外开放
Actively expanding China's opening up to the world

扎实推进“一带一路”建设。
We will make solid efforts to pursue the Belt and Road Initiative.

促进外贸继续回稳向好。
We will ensure that foreign trade continues to pick up and register steady growth.

大力优化外商投资环境。
We will make big moves to improve the environment for foreign investors.

推进国际贸易和投资自由化便利化。
We will promote the liberalization and facilitation of international trade and investment.

3.7 加大生态环境保护治理力度
Effectively strengthening environmental protection

坚决打好蓝天保卫战。
We will make our skies blue again.

强化水、土壤污染防治。
We will strengthen the prevention and control of water and soil pollution.

推进生态保护和建设。
We will move forward with ecological conservation and improvement.

3.8 推进以保障和改善民生为重点的社会建设
Promoting social development to ensure and improve the wellbeing of our people

大力促进就业创业。
We will strive to boost employment and business startups.

办好公平优质教育。
We will work to ensure that our people have access to equitable and quality education.

推进健康中国建设。
We will make continued progress in building a Healthy China.

织密扎牢民生保障网。
We will weave a strong safety net to ensure people's wellbeing.

发展文化事业和文化产业。
We will develop cultural programs and industries.

推动社会治理创新。
We will explore new forms of social governance.

人命关天，安全至上。
We will ensure workplace safety and people's lives.

3.9 全面加强政府自身建设
Strengthening the all-around improvement of government

坚持依法全面履职。
We will continue to work to see that government functions are fully carried out in accordance with law.

始终保持廉洁本色。
We will maintain ethical conduct and moral integrity at all times.

勤勉尽责干事创业。
We will perform with a strong work ethic, sense of responsibility, and enterprising spirit.

（中国日报网英语点津 yaning）