The U.S. Constitution ARTICLE II

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ARTICLE II Section 1

The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows:

Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or Representative, or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector.

The Electors shall meet in their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State with themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted.

The Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately chuse by Ballot one of them for President; and if no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List the said House shall in like Manner chuse the President. But in chusing the President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representation from each State having one Vote; A quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two thirds of the States, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a Choice.

In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person having the greatest Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them by Ballot the Vice President.

The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the United States. No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States.

In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation, or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the Same shall devolve on the Vice-President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.

The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument from the United States, or any of them. Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath or Affirmation: —“I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.”

Section 2

The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.

He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein other- wise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments. The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of their next Session.

Section 3

He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the United States.

Section 4

The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors

美国宪法第二条

第二条

第一款行政权属于美利坚合众国总统。总统任期为4年，副总统任期与总统任期相同。总统和副总统的选举办法如下：

各州应按照该州议会规定的方式选派选举人若干名，其人数应与该州所应选派于国会的参议员和众议员的总数相等；但参议员或众议员或在合众国政府中担任信任职位或高收益职位者不得被选派为选举人。

选举人应在本州集会，投票选举2人，其中至少应有1人不是选举人同州的居民。选举人应开列名单，写明所有被选举人和每人所得票数，计算票数。获得选票最多者如选票超出选举人总数的一半即当选为总统。

如不止1人获得半数选票且票数相当，众议院应立即投票其中1人为总统。如无人获得过半数票，则众议院应以同样方式从名单上得票最多的5人中选举1人为总统。但众议院选举总统时应以州为单位投票，每州代表有1票表决权；以此种方式选举总统的法定人数为全国2/3的州各有1名或数名代表出席，并须取得所有州的过半数票始能当选。在总统选出后，获得选举人所投票数最多者即当选为副总统；但如有2人或数人获得相等票数，参议院应投票选举其中1人为副总统。

国会可决定选出选举人的时间以及选举人的投票日期，该日期须全国统一。

任何人除出生于合众国的公民或在本宪法通过时已为合众国公民者外，不得当选为总统。年龄未满35岁及居住于合众国境内未满14年者亦不得当选为总统。

如遇总统免职、死亡、辞职或丧失履行总统权力和职责的能力时，该项职务应移交给副总统；在总统与副总统均为免职、死亡、辞职或丧失履行总统权力和职责的能力时，国会得依法律规定宣布某一官员代行总统职权，该官员即为总统，直至总统恢复任职能力或新总统选出为止。

总统应在规定时间获得服务报酬，此项报酬在其当选任总统期间不得增加或减少。总统在任期内不得收受合众国或任何一州给予的任何其他酬金。 总统在就职前应作如下宣誓或郑重声明： “我谨庄严宣誓（或郑重声明），我一定忠实执行合众国总统职务，竭尽全力，恪守、维护和捍卫合众国宪法。”

第二款总统为合众国陆海军的总司令，并在各州民团奉召为合众国执行任务时担任统帅 ; 他可以要求每个行政部门的主管官员提出有关他们职务的任何事件的书面意见，除了弹劫案之外，他有权对于违犯合众国法律者颁赐缓刑和特赦。

总统有权缔订条约，但须争取参议院的意见和同意，并须出席的参议员中三分之二的人赞成；总统应提出人选，并于取得参议院的意见和同意后，任命大使、公使及领事、最高法院的法官，以及一切其他在本宪法中未经明定、但以后将依法律的规定而设置之合众国官员。国会可以制定法律，酌情把这些下级官员的任命权，授予总统本人，或授予法院，或授予各部部长。

在参议院休会期间，如遇有职位出缺，总统有权任命官员补充缺额，任期于参议院下届会议结束时终结。

第三款总统应经常向国会提供有关国情的报告，并向国会提出他认为必要和适当的措施，供其考虑；在非常时期，总统可召集两院或其中一院开会，如两院对于休会时间意见不一致时，总统可使两院休会到他认为适当的时期为止；总统应接见大使和公使；他应监督一切法律的切实执行，并任命合众国的一切官员。

第四款合众国总统、副总统及其他所有文官，因叛国、贿赂或其它重罪和轻罪而遭弹劾并被判定有罪时，应予以免职。