Examples I did some meditation to relieve my exam worries. (我静心沉思了一会儿,以缓解我对考试的担忧。)
When I was pregnant, my boss gave me less work to relieve the pressure. (我怀孕那会儿,老板减少了我的工作量,以减轻我的压力。)
Neil 'Relieve' is not only used with people. The council might add extra traffic lights to relieve congestion on the roads.
Jiaying “Relieve” 不仅可以用来表示 “缓解某人的负面感受”,还可以表示 “减轻问题的严重性”。比如:The council might add extra traffic lights to relieve congestion on the roads. 市政厅可能会增设额外的红绿灯来缓解交通拥堵。
Neil Now let's look at 'alleviate'. It's most often used in relation to pain, and it means 'make it less severe'.
Examples The doctor gave the patient painkillers to alleviate his suffering. (医生给病人开了止痛药以减轻他的痛苦。)
I moved my father's pillow to alleviate the discomfort in his back. (我调整了父亲枕头的位置,以减轻他背部的不适。)
Neil OK. Now, let's look at 'allay'. 'Allay' means to cause someone to feel a strong emotion less. It's quite formal and is usually seen more in written texts than spoken English.
Examples The managers plan to allay workers' fears about redundancies by calling a meeting. (经理们准备通过召开一次会议来减轻员工们对裁员事宜的担忧。)
The teacher allayed the students' academic writing worries by giving them a list of useful phrases they could use. (老师给了学生们一份他们可以在写作中使用的实用短语表,从而帮助学生们减轻了他们对学术写作的恐惧。)
Neil Now, 'mitigate' is slightly different. It means to make something less unpleasant or harmful.
Jiaying 动词 “mitigate” 与前面讲过的三个动词的含义略有不同。“Mitigate” 的意思是 “减轻一件事情产生的危害”,通常不用来描述缓解人的感受或情绪。比如:“mitigate the effects of something(缓解某事造成的影响)”。
Neil For example, a city might limit tourist numbers to mitigate the effects of tourism.
Neil Remember, if you have a question about the English language you’d like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk