Phil These words have very close meanings, so a lot of the difference is in how and when they're used. Let's start by looking at 'international'.
Jiaying “International” 多用作形容词,是四个词里最常见的一个。
Phil Yes, and it refers to anything that happens in or is related to more than one country. We often talk about 'international trade' – trade between countries, 'international students' – people who move countries to study, and 'international airports', where you can travel between countries.
Examples The market for international travel has recovered in recent years. (近年来,国际旅游市场已经复苏。)
The international conference attracted researchers from all over the world. (这次国际会议吸引了来自世界各地的研究人员。)
Phil 'Cross-national' is probably most used to talk about academic studies. The prefix 'cross-' means 'across' – so a 'cross-national comparison' is where data is compared across different countries.
Examples It's believed that the arrival of multinationals in the city will lead to increased employment opportunities. (人们相信,跨国公司的到来会给这座城市带来更多的就业机会。)
Many graduates dream of getting jobs at transnationals. (许多毕业生梦想在跨国企业找到工作。)
Phil When used as adjectives, 'multinational' and 'transnational' often describe businesses. Like all the words we've looked at here, they're used to say that companies or organisations operate in more than one country.
Phil We hope that we've answered your question. Remember that if you have a question you'd like us to answer, you can email us too at: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk