内容简介
一位听众来信询问单词 “wake、awake、rouse、arouse” 之间的区别。虽然动词 “wake、awake、rouse” 都有 “唤醒,使(某人)醒来” 的意思,但它们的用法不完全相同。动词 “arouse” 的意思是 “引起,激起,唤起某种感受”,与 “睡眠” 无关。本期节目举例讲解这四个易混词的用法和区别。
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(关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。)
Feifei 大家好,欢迎收听 BBC英语教学的 “你问我答” 节目。我是菲菲。
Beth And I'm Beth. This week we are answering this question:
Question 求问:awake、arouse、rouse、wake 都有 “唤醒” 的意思,那区别在哪里呢?
Feifei 这位听众的问题中提到了 “wake、awake”、“rouse、arouse” 这两组容易被混淆的单词。接下来我们会逐一分析讲解这四个词的含义和用法。
Beth Let's start by looking at 'wake' and 'awake' which can both be used as verbs. However, while 'wake' is used regularly, 'awake' is more commonly used as an adjective than a verb.
Feifei “Wake” 和 “awake” 都可以用作动词,表示 “醒来”,但在日常使用中 “wake” 作动词表示 “醒来” 更常用。比如,“wake up(醒来)” 可以指 “早上睡到自然醒”。
Beth That's right. Often it's something that wakes you. For example, a person might wake you up by making a loud noise.
Feifei 除了 “自然醒”,人或闹钟等噪音也可能 “wake(叫醒,唤醒)” 我们。注意,我们虽然可以用 “wake” 表示 “醒来” 或 “唤醒(某人)”,但在生活中,我们更常用 “wake up” 来表示这个意思。“Wake someone up” 的意思是 “把某人叫醒,使某人醒来”。
“Wake” 是一个不规则动词,它的过去式是 “woke”,过去分词是 “woken”。比如:“be woken from a dream(从梦中醒来)”;“be woken by something(被某事唤醒)”。请听三个例句。
Examples She wakes up at 7 o'clock every morning. (她每天早上7点醒来。)
My alarm clock usually wakes me up in the morning. I sleep deeply. (早上通常都是闹钟把我叫醒。我睡觉很沉。)
I woke up with a headache again. (我又是醒来时就头痛。)
Beth 'Awake' as an adjective means 'not sleeping'. So, if you are not sleeping, you are awake.
Feifei “Awake” 多用作形容词,意思是 “醒着的”,它可以和动词 “stay” 或 “keep” 搭配,组成 “stay awake” 或 “keep awake”,意思都是 “保持清醒”。请听例句。
Examples It's 2 am. Why are you still awake? (现在是凌晨两点,你怎么还醒着?)
This film is so boring. It's hard to stay awake. (这部电影太无聊了,看得我好困,很难保持清醒。)
Beth 'Awake' as a verb means to stop sleeping or to wake someone up.
Feifei “Awake” 作动词,表示 “醒来” 或 “唤醒” 的用法多出现在文学写作中,而不是日常对话中。比如,我们可能在小说里读到这样的句子:
Examples Pat awoke as the man entered the room. (那个男人走进屋里时,帕特醒来了。)
Suddenly, the dragon awakes and roars angrily. (突然,巨龙醒了并愤怒地吼叫。)
Feifei 下面我们来对比 “rouse” 和 “arouse”,它们都是动词,但含义不同。
Beth 'Rouse' is similar to 'wake', but it's more literary and poetic. It is not used often in everyday conversation because it sounds formal or old-fashioned.
Feifei 动词 “rouse” 也可以表示 “唤醒”,但这个用法更具诗意,很少见于日常对话中。听两个例句。
Examples She had to rouse herself from that sweet dream and continue to study. (她不得不把自己从美梦中唤醒,然后继续学习。)
The loud noise didn't rouse him as he was sleeping so deeply. (巨大的噪音都没把他吵醒,因为他睡得太沉了。)
Beth 'Rouse' has another meaning and this is used in speaking. The meaning is 'to make someone take action' or 'be more excited'.
Feifei 在日常对话中,动词 “rouse” 可以用来表示 “激励,激发”。请听例句。
Examples She roused the team's spirits with an inspiring speech before the game. (她在赛前作了动员讲话,以鼓舞全队士气。)
The smell of the roasted duck really roused my appetite. (烤鸭的香气令我胃口大开。)
Beth Now, 'arouse' means cause someone to have a particular feeling. It's not usually related to sleep.
Feifei 动词 “arouse” 的意思与 “睡眠” 无关。“Arouse” 用来表示 “引起,激起,唤起某种感受”。比如,一条消息可能会 “arouse interest(激起兴趣,引起关注)” 或 “arouse suspicion(引起怀疑)”。请听两个例句。
Examples The documentary aroused public interest in protecting polar bears. (这部纪录片引起了大众对保护北极熊的关注。)
The mysterious disappearance of that artwork aroused the curiosity of historians. (那件艺术品神秘失踪的事件引起了历史学家的兴趣。)
Beth On that note, let's summarise Feifei.
Feifei 动词 “wake” 的意思是 “醒来,唤醒”;动词 “awake” 也可以表达相同的意思,但它多见于文学作品中。形容词 “awake” 的意思是 “醒着的”。动词 “rouse” 在正式语境中可以表示 “唤醒”,在日常对话中多用来表示 “激励,激发”;动词 “arouse” 的意思则是 “引起,激起,唤起”。
Beth Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Feifei 你也可以通过微博向我们提问。我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学 ”。Bye!
Beth Bye!